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By the end of this story this word not only indicates the literal catacombs that Fortunato has been trapped in, but also suggests the inner recesses or subconscious of Montresor’s mind. This experience is forever locked away in both catacombs.

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What is this?

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In other translations, this reads as “Love is patient, and is kind”

Macklemore and Ryan Lewis seem to prefer this alternate translation

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Abraham could be addressing his son, or telling his son that he is the sacrifice.

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This is the reason people speak in different languages.

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The dove and the olive branch are a symbol of peace. After the earth had been covered in water for so long, the branch was proof that God had calmed down and so had the
waters.

Critics point out that no olive tree would have survived under salt water for so long, and no seeds would have had time to germinate.

A response is that in many tree species (including olives), broken pieces buried in soil or mud close to the surface can sprout another tree. And if the flood receded gradually, the tree may have had a few months to germinate, enough for a shrub.

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Jesus is beyond a shadow of a doubt that although his physical body is perishing now, soon he will be reunited with his Father’s spirit. In comparison to the other three gospels, these last words show the most faith.

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The same final words of Jesus are spoken here and in Matthew 27:46. In every gospel Jesus’ teachings are all about putting your life into the hands of the Lord, yet when Jesus is moments away from reuniting with his Father, he suffers a lack of faith. Jesus may be divine, but he is also human. It is human nature to be angry when bad fortune has come upon us. In the end, this is what makes the Lord different from Jesus: Jesus can relate on a human level.

Jesus took this line from the opening line of Psalm 22 of the Old Testament – an artful allusion.

Since Jews of the time were so well-versed in Scripture, it is likely that they would have understood this quotation to allude to the Psalm in its entirety, very interesting considering it ends with a declaration of the divine righteousness to a people as yet unborn: possibly the followers of the Messiah.

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This scene of Jesus' last words is seen in all four gospels: Matthew, Mark, and Luke. But this one is very different from the other three. The other gospels show Jesus speaking directly to God with his final words. Here in John, when he asks his mother to behold him he not only means as her child, but also as the son of God. He tells the disciple to “Behold thy mother!” so as to further get the message across that Mary is the mother of the son of God. This emphasis on Jesus' divinity occurs in part because John was written after the other three gospels, which focus more on Jesus' humanity and faith.

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Vinal was editor of Voices, a poetry magazine that did not publish modernist poetry like Cummings'. Cummings felt it was hopelessly out of touch with the times, and jokingly suggests here that the only thing “radical” about it is how dead it is.

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