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President John F. Kennedy delivered his famous “Man on the Moon” address to a special session of Congress on May 25th, 1961, announcing the ambitious goal of getting an American man on the moon by the end of the decade. Under pressure to catch up to the Soviet Union’s space exploration in a so-called “space race” as well as assert U.S. dominance in the Cold War era, JFK announced his goal in 1961 – Nixon carried on his vision after JFK’s assassination and saw the goal achieved on July 20, 1969, when Apollo 11 commander Neil Armstrong stepped off the Lunar Module’s ladder and onto the Moon’s surface.
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Satyagraha – which translates to “insistence on truth” – is the name Gandhi created for his type of nonviolent resistance. As Obama mentions here, satyagraha faced criticism right from its inception. Critics have argued the concept to be unrealistic and impossible on a universal scale. Satyagraha places an enormous amount of faith in intrinsic goodness in humans – relying on the idea that every person has a high ethical standard. In addition, for nonviolent protest to really work, those protesting via satyagraha must exercise huge levels of commitment to the protest.
Gandhi’s satyagraha theory went on to influence Nelson Mandela’s efforts against apartheid and Martin Luther King, Jr’s and James Bevel’s campaigns during the civil rights movement in the United States, as well as other civil rights movements across the world.
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Probably a reference to the Hawley-Smoot Tariff which significantly worsened the Great Depression and which President Franklin Delano Roosevelt spoke out fervently against.
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During a live television and radio broadcast on July 15, 1971, President Richard Nixon announced he would visit communist China the following year — shocking the nation. Nixon’s statement (and following visit) represented a complete turning point in U.S.-China relations and American foreign policy.
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What is this?
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What is this?
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The Federalist Papers are a series of 85 articles and essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay – all towards the promotion the ratification of the United States Constitution.
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What is this?
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On March 5, 1770, British Army soldiers killed five male civilians and injured six others in an event that came to be known as the “Boston Massacre”.
British troops had been stationed in Boston since 1768 in attempts to protect and support crown-appointed colonial officials who were enforcing unpopular Parliamentary legislation. Rising tensions due to the situation and the British army’s presence came to a head on that fateful day. The crowd surrounded a single British soldier, taunting and harassing him. The crowd grew to a mob and the soldier was joined by 8 fellow soldiers, but the crowd’s size was overwhelming and the soldiers fired into the crowd without orders – killing 5 and injuring 6.
Through propaganda and sensationalized accounts, the event became known as a “massacre” – a representation of the tension between the colonies and the British.
Here, John Hancock gives his famous oration on the anniversary of the “massacre”.
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